Makina a Makanema Osewerera a Ingiant Medium Frequency omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri

1. Chidule cha Zamalonda

Chikalatachi chikufotokoza cholumikizira chozungulira chapamwamba chomwe sichili cha muyezo, chopangidwa mwapadera chomwe chimapangidwira kutumiza mosalekeza zizindikiro za RF kudzera mu ma interface ozungulira. Chipangizochi chimathandizira njira zitatu zodziyimira pawokha za 50Ω pamlingo wa 1–5.25GHz, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito radar, kulumikizana ndi satellite, mabenchi oyesera nkhondo zamagetsi, makina oyika ma antenna, ndi ma turntable oyezera ma microwave.

Mosiyana ndi mphete zachikhalidwe zotsetsereka zomwe zimatumiza mphamvu kapena zizindikiro zochepa, cholumikizira chozungulirachi chimasunga umphumphu wa chizindikiro - kuphatikizapo kutayika kwa insertion, VSWR, kudzipatula, ndi kukhazikika kwa gawo - panthawi yonse yozungulira 360°. Chimalumikiza vuto lalikulu la uinjiniya losunga magwiridwe antchito a RF pakati pa nsanja zosasunthika ndi zozungulira popanda kupotoza chingwe, kutopa kopindika, kapena kusokoneza chizindikiro.

2. Gome Lonse la Ma Parameter

Magawo a Makina ndi Zachilengedwe

3. Kutanthauzira kwa Uinjiniya kwa Magawo Ofunika

3.1 Ma Frequency Range: 1 - 5.25 GHz

Mtundu uwu umaphatikizapo L-band (1–2 GHz), S-band (2–4 GHz), ndi gawo lotsika la C-band (4–5.25 GHz). Ntchito zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo:

• L-band: GPS, BeiDou, IFF (Chizindikiritso cha Bwenzi kapena Mdani), radar yowongolera magalimoto amlengalenga
• S-band: radar ya nyengo, radar yowunikira zombo, maulalo olumikizirana ndi satellite
• C-band: maulalo ena a TV ya satellite, maulalo a maikulowevu akutali

Mabaibulo apadera amatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma frequency kuchokera pa DC mpaka 18 GHz, 26.5 GHz, kapena 40 GHz, kapena kuchepetsa band kuti awonjezere kutayika ndi VSWR.

3.2 Mphamvu yapakati: 10W pa njira iliyonse

Chiyerekezo cha mafunde osalekeza a 10W (CW) chimagwira ntchito pansi pa mikhalidwe yofanana ya katundu pa kutentha kwa chipinda. Pa zizindikiro zoyendetsedwa ndi ma pulsed cycles otsika (monga radar yokhala ndi 1% duty cycle), mphamvu yayikulu imatha kufika ma watts mazana angapo. Kuyang'anira kutentha kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri kuposa 10W, ndipo mphamvu yapamwamba (50W, 100W) imapezeka kudzera mu kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake kuphatikiza kukulitsa kutentha ndi kukweza zinthu zamagetsi.

3.3 Kusintha kwa VSWR ndi VSWR

VSWR ya 1.5 imaonedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri pa cholumikizira chozungulira pa bandwidth ya multi-octave. Kusintha kwa VSWR kumasonyeza momwe kufananiza kwa impedance kumasinthira panthawi yozungulira. Channel 1 imakwaniritsa kusintha kwa ±0.1 dB - kulolerana kolimba kwambiri komwe kumasonyeza kukhazikika kwapadera kwa makina komanso kukhazikika kwa kulumikizana.

3.4 Kutayika ndi Kutayika Komwe Kuikidwa

Kutayika kwa kuyika kuli ndi zigawo zitatu:

• Kutayika kwa kondakitala (zotsatira za khungu pakati pa kondakitala ndi chishango chakunja)
• Kutayika kwa dielectric (PTFE kapena substrate ina ya microwave)
• Kutayika kwa kulumikizana (kukana kwa mawonekedwe ozungulira)

Channel 1: Kutayika kwakukulu kwa 1 dB ndi kusintha kwa ± 0.3 dB
Njira 2: Kutayika kwakukulu kwa 1.2 dB ndi kusintha kwa ± 0.15 dB

Chiwerengero cha kusintha nthawi zambiri chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri kuposa kutayika konse mu machitidwe osinthasintha. Mwachitsanzo, kusintha kwa 0.15 dB kumatanthauza kusintha kwa ±1.7% mu amplitude ya chizindikiro pa kuzungulira konse - zomwe sizingafanane ndi machitidwe ambiri ozikidwa pa amplitude monga ma automatic gain control loops kapena ma simple detectors.

3.5 Kupatula: ≥50 dB

Kupatula kumayesedwa pakati pa njira ziwiri zilizonse. Pa 50 dB yocheperako, kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera ku Channel 1 kupita ku Channel 2 (kapena mosemphanitsa) kumachepetsa chizindikiro cha 10W kufika pa 0.1 mW. Mlingo uwu umatsimikizira:

• Kupatukana kwa kutumiza kuti mulandire mu machitidwe a full-duplex
• Chotsitsa cham'deralo chochepa kwambiri chimatuluka
• Kuchepetsa zinthu zosinthira pakati pa makina m'malo okhala ndi zonyamulira zambiri

3.6 Kukhazikika kwa Gawo: ±2° mpaka ±4°

Kukhazikika kwa gawo mwina ndiye mfundo yofunika kwambiri pa machitidwe ogwirizana monga:

• Ma loops olinganiza gulu logawa magawo
• Kupeza njira yolumikizirana pakati pa zinthu ziwiri
• Ma radar otsatira a Monopulse
• Radar yopangira chivundikiro (SAR)
• Zolandirira zodziwika bwino

Pa 5.25 GHz, kusintha kwa gawo la ±2° kukugwirizana ndi kusintha kwa kutalika kwa njira yeniyeni pafupifupi:
ΔL = (Δφ / 360°) × λ = (2/360) × (299.8 / 5.25) ≈ 0.32 mm

Kukwaniritsa kukhazikika kwa ±2° kumafuna kuti ma radial runout azikhala ndi ma radial kuposa 0.02 mm komanso malo olumikizana bwino - umboni wa kupanga bwino komanso kuwongolera khalidwe.

3.7 Magawo a Makina Ofotokozedwa

Liwiro Lozungulira: 30 RPM pazipita
Yoyenera ma rotator a antenna, ma test turntable, ma radar pedestals, ndi masensa osanthula pang'onopang'ono. Liwiro lokwera (mpaka 300 RPM) limapezeka kudzera mu ma bearings apadera ndi dynamic balancing.

Moyo Wogwira Ntchito: osachepera 5 miliyoni
Pa 30 RPM yogwira ntchito mosalekeza, izi zikufanana ndi masiku 115 ozungulira mosalekeza. Pakugwiritsa ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi (monga ola limodzi patsiku pa 10 RPM), nthawi yogwirira ntchito imapitirira zaka 80 - kuposa nthawi yogwirira ntchito ya chinthucho.

Mphamvu ya torque: ≤0.6 N·m pa kutentha kwa chipinda
Mphamvu yochepa imachepetsa kufunikira kwa injini yoyendetsera, imalola kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magawo ang'onoang'ono kapena olondola kwambiri, komanso imachepetsa kupanga kutentha kuchokera ku kukangana. Mphamvu imawonjezeka kutentha kwambiri chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mafuta.

Kuchuluka kwa Kutentha: -40°C mpaka +70°C (yogwira ntchito)
Izi zikukwaniritsa zofunikira za zida zankhondo (MIL-STD-810) komanso zakunja zamafakitale. Kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kochepa kumathandizidwa ndi mafuta osiyanasiyana; kugwira ntchito kutentha kwambiri kumafuna kusankha mosamala zinthu zamagetsi kuti zisawonongeke.

Kuchuluka kwa IP51

• IP5: Yotetezedwa ndi fumbi (fumbi losalowa bwino, palibe kuwononga)
• IP1: Yotetezedwa ku madzi otuluka molunjika

Chiyerekezo ichi chikugwirizana ndi malo amkati, malo otetezedwa akunja, ndi malo osungira zida. Chiyerekezo chapamwamba (IP65, IP67) chimapezeka pa malo akunja, pa sitima, kapena m'chipululu.

Zakuthupi: Aluminiyamu yokhala ndi okosijeni woyendetsa
Aluminiyamu imapereka mphamvu yopepuka (yofunikira kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zozungulira), mphamvu yabwino yotenthetsera kutentha (yochotsa kutentha kuchokera ku katundu wa 10W), komanso makina abwino kwambiri. Kusungunuka kwa mphamvu yoyendetsera magetsi kumatsimikizira mphamvu yamagetsi pamwamba pa nthaka ya RF pomwe kumapereka mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri.

4. Mapulogalamu Odziwika

4.1 Makina a Radar Ochokera Pansi

Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa chosinthira mawu chosasuntha ndi gulu la ma antenna ozungulira. Ma channel atatu amathandizira kuzungulira kwa kutumiza, kulandira, ndi kuwerengera nthawi imodzi.

4.2 Ma Antena Olumikizirana ndi Satellite

Imasunga umphumphu wa RF link panthawi yotsata mosalekeza ya satellite. Kukhazikika kwa gawo kumakhudza mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa zolakwika za modulation (MER) ndi bit error rate (BER).

4.3 Mabenchi Oyesera a Electronic Warfare (EW)

Ma simulator ozungulira oteteza kuopseza amafunika gawo lokhazikika ndi kukula kwa njira zosiyanasiyana kuti ayesere angle-of-arrival (AOA).

4.4 Zipangizo Zachipatala za Maikulowevu

Magalasi ozungulira kapena ochiritsira (monga makina a microwave hyperthermia) amafunika kutumiza kwa RF kodalirika popanda kutopa kwa chingwe.

4.5 Kutentha kwa Maikulowevu a Mafakitale

Ma rotator joints amathandiza kuti zinthu zigwiritsidwe ntchito mosalekeza mu uvuni wa microwave kapena makina owumitsira.

4.6 Mayeso ndi Kuyeza Ma Turntable

Zipinda zoyezera ma antenna zimagwiritsa ntchito malo olumikizirana kuti zipereke mphamvu ya antenna yomwe ikuyesedwa (AUT) pamene ikuzungulira.

5. Mphamvu Zosasintha Zosakhazikika

Chogulitsachi chapangidwa mwapadera ngati nsanja yopangidwa mwapadera. Magawo otsatirawa akhoza kusinthidwa malinga ndi zomwe makasitomala akufuna:

6. Chitsimikizo Cha Ubwino & Kuyesa Kolimba

Cholumikizira chilichonse chozungulira chimadutsa mu ndondomeko yoyenerera magawo ambiri chisanatumizidwe:

6.1 Kuyesa Magwiridwe Abwino a RF (100% ya mayunitsi)

• Kutayika kwa VSWR ndi kuyika komwe kumayesedwa pa ma frequency onse (1–5.25 GHz) pa ma point 101
• Kupatula komwe kumayesedwa pakati pa ma pair onse a njira
• Mayeso onse omwe amachitika pamlingo wokhazikika komanso wosinthasintha (wozungulira pa 30 RPM)

6.2 Kuyeza Kukhazikika kwa Gawo

• Kusintha kwa magawo kunalembedwa pa kuzungulira kosalekeza kwa 10
• Deta yosungidwa pa 1° increments (mapointi 3600 pa njira iliyonse)

6.3 Kuyesa kwa Makina

• Mphamvu yoyezedwa pa -40°C, +25°C, ndi +70°C
• Kuthamanga komwe kumayesedwa pa mawonekedwe ozungulira
• Kuyesa kwa chitsanzo cha moyo: mayunitsi osankhidwa mwachisawawa kuti azitha kuthamanga mopirira kwa 5 miliyoni

6.4 Kuwunika Kupsinjika kwa Malo Ozungulira (zitsanzo)

• Kutentha kwa mpweya: -50°C mpaka +85°C, ma cycle 10, kukhala kwa maola awiri
• Kutentha konyowa: 95% RH pa +40°C kwa maola 48
• Kugwedezeka: 5g RMS, 10–500 Hz, pa MIL-STD-810 iliyonse

7. Chifukwa Chake Sankhani Cholumikizira Ichi Chozungulira

• Kusinthasintha kosakhazikika - Simukakamizidwa kuchita zinthu zomwe simukuziyembekezera. Timasinthasintha malinga ndi dongosolo lanu, osati mosiyana.
• Kuwongolera khalidwe mozama - Mafotokozedwe onse amatsimikiziridwa. Palibe ziwerengero "zachizolowezi". Gawo lililonse limatumizidwa ndi lipoti loyesa.
• Nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito - osachepera 5 miliyoni rpm kumatsimikizira zaka makumi ambiri za ntchito m'mapulogalamu wamba osinthasintha.
• Utsogoleri wokhazikika pa gawo - ±2° kudutsa njira zitatu ndi wosowa kwambiri pa nthawi ino ya magwiridwe antchito amitengo.
• Thandizo laukadaulo - Gulu la uinjiniya limapereka chithandizo chophatikiza, mitundu ya 3D, ndi kuvomereza kujambula mwamakonda.